Arranging butterfly valves for positive sealing of a valve assembly

ABSTRACT

Valve assemblies with butterfly valves for use as a double isolation &amp; bleed (DIB) valve and a double block &amp; bleed (DBB) valve. The embodiments may have a twin-disc design with a non-separable, valve body having a central bore. A pair of butterfly valves may reside in the central bore, each having an annular seal and a rotatable disc that contacts the annular seal to prevent flow of fluid into space between the butterfly valves. Implementations of the embodiments configure the annular seal with a sloped contact surface at an angle to positively seal the rotatable discs in the preferred direction of incoming flow. In this way, the valves can always close in response to either uni-directional flow into one end of the central bore or bi-directional flow into both ends of the central bore, respectively or simultaneously.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/598,335, filed on May 18, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,234,039, andentitled “ARRANGING BUTTERFLY VALVES FOR POSITIVE SEALING OF A VALVEASSEMBLY.” The content of this application is incorporated by referenceherein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

Flow controls are important in many industries. Whether found on processlines, gas distribution networks, or any system that carries flowingmaterial, flow devices like valve assemblies are vital to regulatematerial flow within set parameters or, in case of problems, shut-offflow altogether. Butterfly valves are useful to prevent flow. This typeof valve assembly is popular because it is often simpler and lessexpensive than ball valves and like valve devices.

SUMMARY

The subject matter disclosed herein relates to improvements to expanduse of butterfly valves. Of particular interest are embodiments that canoperate as double-isolation-and-bleed (DIB) valves anddouble-block-and-bleed (DBB) valves. These embodiments employ a pair ofbutterfly valves that are built to triple-offset design. These types ofvalves have a disc that rotates relative to a stationary seal. However,the proposed design arranges the stationary seal in a way to positivelyseal the discs in accordance with the direction of flow. This feature isbeneficial because the embodiments can meet specifications for servicesas DIB valves and DBB valves as set forth by the American PetroleumInstitute (API) in, for example, API Spec 6D.

These embodiments may address design considerations that arise due tothese and other industry specifications. Practice in the field, forexample, may use two separate block valves, typically ball or gatevalves, with an integral bleeder line to prevent pressurized fluid fromareas downstream of the block valves. Use of the embodiments in place ofball and gate valves, however, may significantly reduce space andassembly concerns that prevail because of the size and weight of theblock valves.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Reference is now made briefly to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 depicts a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a valveassembly having a twin-disc design;

FIG. 2 depicts a detail view of the valve assembly of FIG. 1 toillustrate an example of a butterfly valve;

FIG. 3 depicts a schematic diagram of the valve assembly of FIG. 1 withgeometry for double isolation & bleed (DIB) service;

FIG. 4 depicts a schematic diagram of the end of the valve assembly ofFIG. 3;

FIG. 5 depicts a schematic diagram of the valve assembly of FIG. 1 withgeometry for double block & bleed (DBB) service;

FIG. 6 depicts a schematic diagram of the end of the valve assembly ofFIG. 5;

FIG. 7 depicts a perspective view of an example of the valve assembly ofFIG. 1;

FIG. 8 depicts an elevation view of the cross-section of a disc for usein the valve assembly of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 depicts an elevation view of the cross-section of the valveassembly of FIG. 7 with geometry for double isolation & bleed (DIB)service; and

FIG. 10 depicts a schematic diagram of the valve assembly of FIG. 7 withgeometry for double block & bleed (DBB) service.

Where applicable like reference characters designate identical orcorresponding components and units throughout the several views, whichare not to scale unless otherwise indicated. Moreover, the embodimentsdisclosed herein may include elements that appear in one or more of theseveral views or in combinations of the several views.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The discussion below introduces embodiments of a “twin-disc” valve.These embodiments use a pair of butterfly valves to provide appropriateshut-off to isolate downstream portions of a pipe or conduit. But theseembodiments are configured so that the discs of the butterfly valvespositively seal in multiple flow directions. This feature may find useon oil & gas pipelines. For example, the embodiments may satisfy safetyrequirements necessary for the device to operate as adouble-isolation-and-bleed (DIB) valve to isolate downstream portions ofpipelines to allow for maintenance to occur. In other implementations,the embodiments may operate as a double-block-and-bleed (DBB) valve forpurposes of downstream isolation on process lines. Among the benefits ofthese embodiments is to replace ball or gate valves that are normallypart of DIB and DBB devices. The embodiments herein offer satisfactorysealing and isolation in a package that may be much smaller, lighter,and less expensive than the ball valve and gate valve alternatives.Other embodiments are within the scope of the subject matter of thisdisclosure.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an exemplary embodiment of avalve assembly 100 that can be used as a DIB valve or a DBB valve. Thisembodiment includes a valve body 102 with a central bore 104 having aninterior wall 106 and a longitudinal axis 108 or “centerline.” Thecentral bore 104 may extend between ends (e.g., a first end 110 and asecond end 112) that are open to allow an incoming flow to transit intoand through the device. The ends 110, 112 may be flanged or prepared toform a connection with conduits (e.g., a first conduit 114 and a secondconduit 116). Bolts or fasteners may be used to make this connectionfluid-tight. The valve assembly 100 also employs a pair of sealmechanisms (e.g., a first seal mechanism 118 and a second seal mechanism120). The seal mechanisms 118, 120 embody butterfly valves that formboundaries for an interior cavity 122 of the central bore 104. A bleedmember 124 may couple with the interior cavity 122.

The valve assembly 100 may be configured to connect in-line on variousservice lines. These configurations may incorporate as part of resourcerecovery and transport pipelines (e.g., conduits 114, 116) or pipingnetworks in oil & natural gas operations. But these devices are notlimited to only this purpose. In operation, the valves 118, 120 canoperate between positions to regulate flow through the central bore 104.These positions may include a closed position that isolates the interiorcavity 122 from flow that originates on either or both ends 110, 112.The bleed member 124 may operate to evacuate the interior cavity 122 torelieve pressure in the system.

Notably, the embodiments configure the valves 118, 120 to positivelyseal in accordance with the direction of the incoming flow into thevalve assembly 100 from the conduits 114, 116. In one implementation,both the valves 118, 120 are set to seal in the direction of theincoming flow from either the conduit 114 or the conduit 116. This“uni-directional flow” arrangement allows the valve assembly 100 tooperate in applications that require DIB valves because any fluid thatleaks through the upstream valve (e.g., the valve 118) will addadditional force on the downstream valve (e.g., valve 120). Otherimplementations set the valves 118, 120 to seal in the direction ofincoming flow from both of the conduits 114, 116. This “bi-directionalflow” arrangement allows the valve assembly 100 to operate inapplications that require DBB valves because the incoming flow addsadditional force from either direction on either the valve 118 or thevalve 120.

The valve body 102 may be configured to support the components of thevalve assembly 100. These configurations preferably leverageconstruction that is robust enough for use in heavy industry. In thisregard, the valve body 102 may be of unitary or monolithic design,effectively forming a non-separable unit (or “non-separable valve body”)that can enclose both of the valves 118, 120. Manufacture by casting ormolding may be useful to form this non-separable unit, althoughmachining from a single billet of material may occur, but this may notbe cost effective. These manufacturing techniques may also form theinterior wall 106 as substantially unitary or “unbroken” along thelength of the central bore 104. The valves 118, 120 may reside in thisunbroken portion, as shown throughout the embodiments discussed herein.

FIG. 2 illustrates an elevation view of exemplary structure for use asthe butterfly valves 118, 120. This structure includes a vane 126 and aseal 128, which may be formed as part of or unitarily with the valvebody 102 or as one or more separate pieces. Together the components 126,128 may form a metal-to-metal seal to make the valve assembly 100compatible with caustic, corrosive, and abrasive materials. The vane 126may include an annular disc 130 that forms a first part of themetal-to-metal seal. The annular disc 130 may couple with a shaft 132that can rotate about a axis 134 (also “shaft axis 134” or “shaftcenterline 134”), as shown by the arrow identified with the letter R. Asalso shown, the seal 128 may have an annular body 136 that extends fromthe interior wall 106 into the central bore 104. The annular body 136has a contact surface 138 that serves as a second part of themetal-to-metal seal. The contact surface 138 may have geometry that isappropriate for use of the valve assembly 100 in high-pressure systems.In use, rotation R of the shaft 132 can set the position (ororientation) for the annular disc 130 relative to the seal 128. Thisposition corresponds with flow conditions (e.g., flow rate, flow volume,etc.) on the valve assembly 100. When in the “closed position,” theannular disc 130 is in contact with the contact surface 138 at a firstplane 139 (also “seal plane 139”) to prevent flow past the valves 118,120.

FIG. 3 illustrates an elevation view of the cross-section of the valveassembly 100 of FIG. 1 that describes geometry for the seal 128. Thevane 126 at each butterfly valve 118, 120 are removed for clarity.Generally, the geometry for the seal 128 affects the arrangement of thevane 126 in a way to effectuate the positive seal under uni-directionalincoming flow in a first direction, identified by the arrow F₁. Thisfeature allows the valve assembly 100 to operate in DIB service. In oneimplementation, the annular body 136 at both butterfly valves 118, 120may have a profiled portion 140. Manufacturing techniques like machiningand turning may be useful to form the profiled portion 140, particularlywhen the annular body 136 is formed integrally (or monolithically) aspart of the valve body 102. When the annular body 136 is formedseparately, welds and other fasteners might be useful to secure theseals 128 in position in the valve body 102. As shown, the profiledportion 140 may taper, forming a slope or sloped surface that is linearor non-linear (e.g., curved or radiused). The slope may be directedradially inwardly (e.g., from the interior wall 106 toward thelongitudinal axis 108) in a first direction from the first end 110toward the second end 112. This first direction may correspond with thefirst flow direction F₁, effectively orienting the contact surface 138to “face” the first end 110 or, in operation, the incoming flow into thedevice. The degree of slope may vary, but in one implementationdimensions for the sloped surface corresponds with a side of an offsetcone (or conical element) identified generally by the phantom lineenumerated with the numeral 142. The offset cone 142 may have a conicalor sloped axis 144 that is offset by an angle α from an offset plane145. The offset plane 145 is perpendicular to the seal plane 139 andextends parallel to the longitudinal axis 108 so as to intersect theshaft centerline 134 on both valves 118, 120. Values for the angle α mayvary, but it may be preferred that the value is from approximately 0° toapproximately 15°, and preferably the same on both the valves 118, 120.

FIG. 4 illustrates an elevation view from the first end 110 of the valveassembly 100 of FIG. 3. For reference, the annular body 136 is shownwith a top side 146 and a bottom side 148, but these locations maychange if, for example, the annular body 136 rotates by some annulardisplacement (e.g., 180°) about the shaft centerline 134 (or the conicalor sloped axis 144). The profiled region 140 may have a visiblethickness T that defines the “straight-line” distance as measured fromthe interior wall 106 to the inner most edge of the contact surface 138.This thickness may vary to correspond with geometry that results frommachining or forming the profiled portion 140 in the annular body 136.With references also to FIG. 3, the geometry may match the offset cone142, for example, if the offset cone 142 is revolved 360° about theconical or sloped axis 144. The geometry will cause the visiblethickness T to vary or change annularly along the interior wall 106.Exemplary variations may occur as between a first visible thickness T₁proximate the top side 146 (effectively at an apex 150 of the annularbody 138) and a second thickness T₂ proximate the bottom side 148 or,otherwise, annularly spaced apart from the first visible thickness T₁ by180°. In one implementation, the thickness T may decrease continuouslymoving annularly about the shaft centerline 134 from T₁ to T₂ in bothannular directions. And, while reduction in the visible thickness T mayresult reduce or eliminate the second visible thickness T₂ altogether,it may be preferable that some material of the annular body 136 remainsto form a lip 152 to ensure contact with the annular disc 130.

FIG. 5 illustrates an elevation view of the cross-section of the valveassembly 100 of FIG. 1 with geometry for the seal 128. The vane 126 ateach butterfly valve 118, 120 are also removed for clarity. But notethat the geometry here affects the arrangement of the vane 126 in a wayto effectuate the positive seal under bi-directional flow in the firstdirection F₁ and a second direction F₂ that is opposite of the firstflow direction F₁. This feature allows the valve assembly 100 to operatein DBB service. In one implementation, the profiled portion 140 at thefirst butterfly valve 118 may cause the contact surface 138 to slope inthe first direction (and, effectively, “face” the first end 110 orincoming flow F₁). Dimensions for the slope may correspond with thosenoted above in connection with FIGS. 3 and 4. At the second butterflyvalve 120, the contact surface 138 may slope radially inwardly (e.g.,from the interior wall 106 toward the shaft centerline 134) in a seconddirection from the second end 112 toward the first end 110. This seconddirection corresponds with the second flow direction F₂ and, moreover,is opposite of the first direction found at the first butterfly valve118 so that the contact surface 138 “faces” the second end 112 orincoming flow F₂. The degree of slope may correspond with an offset cone154 having dimensions similar to the offset cone 142 (FIG. 3). Theoffset cone 154 may have a conical or sloped axis 156 that is offset byan angle α from an offset plane 158. The offset plane 158 isperpendicular to the seal plane 139 and extends parallel to thelongitudinal axis 108 so as to interect the shaft centerline 134 on thesecond valve 120. Values for the angle α may vary, but it may bepreferred that the value is from approximately 0° to approximately 15°.

FIG. 6 illustrates an elevation view from the second end 112 of thevalve assembly 100 of FIG. 5. Here, the geometry of the profiled portion140 is inverted so that the first visible thickness T₁ appears at thebottom side 148 and the second visible thickness T₂ appears proximatethe top side 146 of the annular body 136. With reference also to FIG. 5,the geometry may match the offset cone 154, for example, if the offsetcone 154 is revolved 360° about the conical or sloped axis 156. In oneimplementation, the thickness T may decrease continuously from T₁ to T₂.

FIG. 7 illustrates a perspective view of exemplary structure for thevalve assembly 100. The valve body 102 may embody a pipe section 160with a form factor that is generally cylindrical. The pipe section 160may have a flange 162 disposed at ends 110, 112. The flange 162 may bepopulated with openings 164, typically sized for bolts to penetratethrough the flange 162 into adjacent conduit (e.g., conduit 114, 116 ofFIG. 1). At the butterfly valves 118, 120, the shaft 132 may terminateoutside of the pipe section 160, forming an operable end 166 that mayreceive an operator 168 like a handwheel. In use, an end user canmanipulate the operator 168 to change the position of the annular disc130 relative to the annular body 136, which opens and closes the valves118, 120.

FIG. 8 depicts an elevation view of the cross section of an example ofthe annular disc 130. This example leverages a disc assembly 170 thatmay facilitate manufacture and assembly. The disc assembly 170 may havea central disc body 172 with an aperture 174 to receive the shaft 132(FIG. 7). On one side, the central disc body 172 may be formed with astepped outer profile that forms shoulders (e.g., a first shoulder 176and a second shoulder 178). The first shoulder 176 may support a sealring 180, typically a metal or laminated element. A compression plate182 can fit onto the second shoulder 178 to secure the seal ring 180against the central disc body 172.

FIG. 9 illustrates an elevation view of the cross-section of the valveassembly 100 of FIG. 7 that embodies a DIB valve. The disc assembly 170installs at both butterfly valves 118, 120. The seal ring 180 contactsthe profiled portion 140 at points disposed on the seal plane 139. Theshaft 132 is offset from the seal plane 139 into the interior cavity122. This is the “first offset.” As also shown, the shaft 132 on bothbutterfly valves 118, 120 is offset to one side of the longitudinal axis108, with both residing on the second plane 145. The shaft centerline134 of the shaft 132 on both butterfly valves 118, 120 may align on this“second offset plane.” In operation, this arrangement ensures positivesealing on both valves 118, 120 for uni-directional flow F₁. Notably,the second offset operates to cause the flow F₁ to impinge on the discassembly 170 so that the flow affected area A₁ is larger than the floweffected area A₂. With the valves 118, 120 in the closed position, thisfeature causes the flow F₁ on the disc assembly 170 to push the sealring 180 against the profiled region 140 of the contact surface 138 atboth the upstream and downstream valves 118, 120. The addition of thisforce provides double positive shut-off as uni-directional DIB upondemand of closing in case of any pressure leaks that occur in theinterior cavity 122, even under worst-case operating conditions, forexample, loss of operating torque on the shaft 132 or failure of theshaft 132 (or “stem shaft failure”) at one or both of the valves 118,120.

FIG. 10 illustrates an elevation view of the cross-section of the valveassembly 100 of FIG. 7 that embodies a DBB valve. The disc assembly 170also installs at both butterfly valves 118, 120. However, as shown, theshaft 132 of the second butterfly valve 120 resides on the offset plane159. Notably the offset planes 145, 159 are disposed on different sidesof the longitudinal axis 108. In operation, this arrangement ensurespositive sealing on both valves 118, 120 for bi-directional flow F₁ andF₂. Notably, the second offset operates to cause the flows F₁, F₂ toimpinge on the disc assembly 170 on each valve 118, 120 so that the floweffected area A₁ is larger than the flow effected area A₂. When thevalves 118, 120 are in the closed position, this feature causes the flowF₁, F₂ on the respective disc assembly 170 to push the seal ring 180against the profiled region 140 of the contact surface 138. The additionof this force provides positive shut-off as bi-directional DBB upondemand of closing from either flow F1 or F2, respectively orsimultaneously, even under worst-case operating conditions, for example,loss of operating torque on the shaft 132 or failure of the shaft 132(or “stem shaft failure”) at one or both of the valves 118, 120.

In light of the foregoing, the improvements herein expand functionalapplications of butterfly valves to DIB and DBB services. Theseimprovements stand in contrast to practice to date because bothbutterfly valves of the contemplated “twin-disc” design are arranged tobias the discs to close in response to the preferred flow direction,whether uni-directional (as for DIB) or bi-directional (as for DBB). Theresult is “twin-disc” valves that support demand of “fail-to-close”isolation of downstream portions of pipes, conduits, and pipelines,effectively satisfying requirements of, for example, API-6D, in packagesthat are much smaller and less expensive than ball and gate valves thatare normally used for these applications.

As used herein, an element or function recited in the singular andproceeded with the word “a” or “an” should be understood as notexcluding plural said elements or functions, unless such exclusion isexplicitly recited. Furthermore, references to “one embodiment” of theclaimed invention should not be interpreted as excluding the existenceof additional embodiments that also incorporate the recited features.

This written description uses examples to disclose the invention,including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in theart to practice the invention, including making and using any devices orsystems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope ofthe invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examplesthat occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intendedto be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elementsthat do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if theyinclude equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differencesfrom the literal language of the claims.

Examples below include certain elements or clauses one or more of whichmay be combined with other elements and clauses describe embodimentscontemplated within the scope and spirit of this disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A valve assembly, comprising: a valve bodycomprising a central bore having a longitudinal axis; and a firstbutterfly valve and a second butterfly valve disposed in the centralbore and spaced apart from one another along the longitudinal axis, eachhaving a disc and a seal, the seal forming a contact surface for thedisc to contact at a seal plane in a closed position to prevent fluidflow in space between the first butterfly valve and the second butterflyvalve, wherein the contact surface of the first butterfly valve and thesecond butterfly valve has a slope that is arranged to provide positivepressure on the disc from a single fluid source flowing into the centralbore from one end with the disc in the closed position, and wherein thediscs contact the contact surface on the slope on the same side of aplane that is perpendicular to the seal plane and extends parallel withand through the longitudinal axis.
 2. The valve assembly of claim 1,wherein the disc comprises a seal ring that contacts the contactsurface.
 3. The valve assembly of claim 1, wherein the disc and the sealare configured to create a metal-to-metal seal.
 4. The valve assembly ofclaim 1, further comprising: shafts coupled with the discs, the shaftshaving an end that is disposed outside of the valve body.
 5. The valveassembly of claim 1, wherein the seal comprises an annular ring thatforms the contact surface.
 6. The valve assembly of claim 1, wherein theseal is formed unitarily with the valve body.
 7. A valve assembly,comprising: a valve body comprising a central bore having a longitudinalaxis; and a first butterfly valve and a second butterfly valve disposedin the central bore and spaced apart from one another along thelongitudinal axis, each having a disc and a seal, the seal forming acontact surface for the disc to contact at a seal plane in a closedposition to prevent fluid flow in space between the first butterflyvalve and the second butterfly valve, wherein the contact surface at thefirst butterfly valve and the second butterfly valve has a slope that isarranged to provide positive pressure on the disc from two fluidsources, one each flowing into the central bore from opposite ends withthe disc in the closed position, wherein the disc of the first butterflyvalve and the second butterfly valve contact the slope on differentsides of a plane that is perpendicular to the seal plane and extendsparallel with and through the longitudinal axis.
 8. The valve assemblyof claim 7, wherein the disc comprises a seal ring that contacts thecontact surface.
 9. The valve assembly of claim 7, wherein the disc andthe seal are configured to create a metal-to-metal seal.
 10. The valveassembly of claim 7, further comprising: shafts coupled with the discs,the shafts having an end that is disposed outside of the valve body. 11.The valve assembly of claim 7, wherein the seal comprises an annularring that forms the contact surface.
 12. The valve assembly of claim 7,wherein the seal is formed unitarily with the valve body.
 13. Atwin-disc valve assembly, comprising: a non-separable, valve body havinga central bore with a first open end and a second open end and formingan interior wall that circumscribes a longitudinal axis extendingbetween the first open end and the second open end; first and secondannular seals disposed within the non-separable, valve body and spacedapart from one another along the longitudinal axis, the first and secondannular seals forming a contact surface that slopes at an angle relativeto the interior wall toward the longitudinal axis, wherein the angle ofthe contact surface of the first annular seal causes the sloped contactsurface to face the first open end of the central bore and decline fromthe interior wall toward the longitudinal axis as measured in a firstdirection along the longitudinal axis from the first annular seal to thesecond annular seal, wherein the interior wall forms an unbroken,unitary surface circumscribing the longitudinal axis and extendingentirely along the central bore.
 14. The valve assembly of claim 13,wherein the annular seals are formed unitarily with the non-separable,valve body.
 15. The valve assembly of claim 13, wherein the annularseals comprise metal.
 16. The valve assembly of claim 13, furthercomprising: first and second annular discs, one each disposed in thenon-separable, valve body and proximate the first and second annularseals, respectively, the first and second annular discs being configuredto contact the contact surface at a seal plane to prevent fluid flow inspace between the first and second annular seals.
 17. The valve assemblyof claim 16, further comprising: shafts coupled with the first andsecond annular discs, the shafts having an end disposed outside of thenon-separable, valve body.
 18. The valve assembly of claim 16, whereinthe first and second annular discs comprise a seal ring that contactsthe contact surface.